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| Geber | |
|---|---|
 15th-century European portrait of "Geber", Codici Ashburnhamiani 1166, Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana, Florence | |
| Name: | Jabir ibn Hayyan |
| Title: | Geber |
| Birth: | 721 AD |
| Death: | c. 815 AD |
| Ethnicity: | Persian |
| Maddhab: | Shī‘ah[1][2] |
| Main interests: | Alchemy and Chemistry, Astronomy, Astrology, Medicine and Pharmacy, Philosophy, Physics |
| Works: | Kitab al-Kimya, Kitab al-Sab'een, Book of the Kingdom, Book of the Balances , Book of Eastern Mercury, etc. |
| Influences: | Alchemy, Harbi al-Himyari, Ja'far al-Sadiq |
| Influenced: | Alchemy, Chemistry |
Geber is the Latinized form of "Jabir", with the full name of Abu Musa Jābir ibn Hayyān (Persian/Arabic جابر ابن حیان) (born c. 721 in Tus, Iran–died c. 815 in Kufa),[3] a prominent Persian polymath: a chemist and alchemist, astronomer and astrologer, engineer, geologist, philosopher, physicist, and pharmacist and physician. He is considered by many to be the "father of chemistry."[4] His ethnic background is not clear;[5] although some sources state that he was an Arab[6], other sources introduce him as Persian.[7][8] Geber or Jabir is held to be the first practical alchemist.[9]
As early as the tenth century, the identity of Geber appears to have been disputed.[10] Some scholars and historians have maintained that Jabir is the pen name of a group of Ismaili writers in the ninth and tenth centuries, and that he died—if indeed he ever lived—a century before the writings attributed to him were composed (see "The Geber Problem", below).[11][12]
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